core: fix building

src/ReplicatedStorage/Shared/ChunkManager/Chunk.lua

@@ -196,6 +196,19 @@ function Chunk:Unload()
 	end)
 end
 
+function Chunk:UnloadImmediate()
+	self.loaded = false
+	pcall(function()
+		self.unloadChunkHook()
+	end)
+	pcall(function()
+		if self.instance then
+			self.instance.Parent = nil
+			self.instance:Destroy()
+		end
+	end)
+end
+
 -- DO NOT INTERACT WITH CHUNK AFTER CALLING THIS
 function Chunk:Destroy() 
 	self.data = {}	

src/ReplicatedStorage/Shared/ChunkManager/init.lua

@@ -31,6 +31,16 @@ local FORCELOAD_CHUNKS = {
 local unloadingChunks = {}
 local pendingChunkRequests = {}
 
+local lastChunkKey: string? = nil
+local lastHeavyTick = 0
+local HEAVY_TICK_INTERVAL = 1.5
+local lastUnloadSweep = 0
+local UNLOAD_SWEEP_INTERVAL = 1.5
+
+local function worldToChunkCoord(v: number): number
+	return math.floor((v + 16) / 32)
+end
+
 local CHUNK_OFFSETS = {}
 do
 	for y = -CHUNK_RADIUS, CHUNK_RADIUS do
@@ -45,6 +55,22 @@ do
 	end)
 end
 
+function ChunkManager:UnloadAllNow()
+	for key, chunk in pairs(Chunk.AllChunks) do
+		unloadingChunks[key] = true
+		pcall(function()
+			if chunk.loaded then
+				chunk:UnloadImmediate()
+			end
+		end)
+		pcall(function()
+			chunk:Destroy()
+		end)
+		Chunk.AllChunks[key] = nil
+		unloadingChunks[key] = nil
+	end
+end
+
 local function Swait(l)
 	for _ = 1, l do
 		RunService.Stepped:Wait()
@@ -232,26 +258,40 @@ function ChunkManager:Tick()
 
 	local pos = player.Character:GetPivot().Position
 	local chunkPos = {
-		x = math.round(pos.X / 32),
-		y = math.round(pos.Y / 32),
-		z = math.round(pos.Z / 32)
+		x = worldToChunkCoord(pos.X),
+		y = worldToChunkCoord(pos.Y),
+		z = worldToChunkCoord(pos.Z)
 	}
+	local ck = `{chunkPos.x},{chunkPos.y},{chunkPos.z}`
+	local now = tick()
+	local shouldHeavyTick = (ck ~= lastChunkKey) or (now - lastHeavyTick >= HEAVY_TICK_INTERVAL)
+	lastChunkKey = ck
+	if shouldHeavyTick then
+		lastHeavyTick = now
+	end
 
-	task.defer(function()
-		local processed = 0
-		for _, offset in ipairs(CHUNK_OFFSETS) do
-			local cx, cy, cz = chunkPos.x + offset[1], chunkPos.y + offset[2], chunkPos.z + offset[3]
-			local chunk = ChunkManager:GetChunk(cx, cy, cz)
-			chunk.inhabitedTime = tick()
-			if not chunk.loaded then
-				ChunkManager:LoadChunk(cx, cy, cz)
-				processed += 1
-				if processed % LOAD_BATCH == 0 then
-					Swait(1)
+	if shouldHeavyTick then
+		task.defer(function()
+			local processed = 0
+			for _, offset in ipairs(CHUNK_OFFSETS) do
+				local cx, cy, cz = chunkPos.x + offset[1], chunkPos.y + offset[2], chunkPos.z + offset[3]
+				local chunk = ChunkManager:GetChunk(cx, cy, cz)
+				chunk.inhabitedTime = now
+				if not chunk.loaded then
+					ChunkManager:LoadChunk(cx, cy, cz)
+					processed += 1
+					if processed % LOAD_BATCH == 0 then
+						Swait(1)
+					end
 				end
 			end
+		end)
+	else
+		local current = Chunk.AllChunks[ck]
+		if current then
+			current.inhabitedTime = now
 		end
-	end)
+	end
 	
 	--[[
 	task.defer(function()
@@ -275,15 +315,18 @@ function ChunkManager:Tick()
 	end)
 	--]]
 
-	for key, loadedChunk in pairs(Chunk.AllChunks) do
-		if tick() - loadedChunk.inhabitedTime > 15 and not unloadingChunks[key] then
-			unloadingChunks[key] = true
-			task.defer(function()
-				loadedChunk:Unload()
-				loadedChunk:Destroy()
-				Chunk.AllChunks[key] = nil
-				unloadingChunks[key] = nil
-			end)
+	if now - lastUnloadSweep >= UNLOAD_SWEEP_INTERVAL then
+		lastUnloadSweep = now
+		for key, loadedChunk in pairs(Chunk.AllChunks) do
+			if now - loadedChunk.inhabitedTime > 15 and not unloadingChunks[key] then
+				unloadingChunks[key] = true
+				task.defer(function()
+					loadedChunk:Unload()
+					loadedChunk:Destroy()
+					Chunk.AllChunks[key] = nil
+					unloadingChunks[key] = nil
+				end)
+			end
 		end
 	end
 end
@@ -295,9 +338,9 @@ function ChunkManager:ResyncAroundPlayer(radius: number)
 	end
 	local pos = player.Character:GetPivot().Position
 	local chunkPos = {
-		x = math.round(pos.X / 32),
-		y = math.round(pos.Y / 32),
-		z = math.round(pos.Z / 32)
+		x = worldToChunkCoord(pos.X),
+		y = worldToChunkCoord(pos.Y),
+		z = worldToChunkCoord(pos.Z)
 	}
 	for y = -radius, radius do
 		for x = -radius, radius do
@@ -327,6 +370,12 @@ function ChunkManager:Init()
 	ChunkFolder.Parent = game:GetService("Workspace")
 	ChunkManager:ForceTick()
 
+	tickremote.OnClientEvent:Connect(function(m)
+		if m == "U_ALL" then
+			ChunkManager:UnloadAllNow()
+		end
+	end)
+
 	task.defer(function()
 		while true do
 			wait(2)

src/ReplicatedStorage/Shared/PlacementManager.lua

@@ -6,6 +6,19 @@ local PlacementManager = {}
 local ChunkManager = require("./ChunkManager")
 local Util = require("./Util")
 
+local DEBUG_PLACEMENT = true
+local function debugPlacementLog(...: any)
+	if DEBUG_PLACEMENT then
+		Util.StudioLog(...)
+	end
+end
+
+local function debugPlacementWarn(...: any)
+	if DEBUG_PLACEMENT then
+		Util.StudioWarn(...)
+	end
+end
+
 PlacementManager.ChunkFolder = ChunkManager.ChunkFolder
 
 local raycastParams = RaycastParams.new()
@@ -13,12 +26,15 @@ raycastParams.FilterDescendantsInstances = {PlacementManager.ChunkFolder}
 raycastParams.FilterType = Enum.RaycastFilterType.Include
 raycastParams.IgnoreWater = true
 
-if _G.SB then return nil end
-_G.SB = true
+if _G.__BLOCKSCRAFT_PLACEMENT_MANAGER then
+	return _G.__BLOCKSCRAFT_PLACEMENT_MANAGER
+end
+_G.__BLOCKSCRAFT_PLACEMENT_MANAGER = PlacementManager
 
 PlacementManager.SelectionBox = script.SelectionBox:Clone()
 PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Name = "$SelectionBox"..(game:GetService("RunService"):IsServer() and "_SERVER" or "")
 PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Parent = game:GetService("Workspace"):FindFirstChildOfClass("Terrain")
+PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
 
 -- Trash method TODO: Fix this
 local function findChunkFolderFromDescendant(inst: Instance): Instance?
@@ -27,15 +43,83 @@ local function findChunkFolderFromDescendant(inst: Instance): Instance?
 		if current.Parent == PlacementManager.ChunkFolder then
 			return current
 		end
+		-- Fallback: match by name in case the ChunkFolder reference differs (e.g. recreated/parented later)
+		if current.Parent:IsA("Folder") and current.Parent.Name == (PlacementManager.ChunkFolder and PlacementManager.ChunkFolder.Name) then
+			return current
+		end
 		current = current.Parent
 	end
 	return nil
 end
 
+local function findBlockRoot(inst: Instance, chunkFolder: Instance): Instance?
+	local current = inst
+	while current and current ~= chunkFolder do
+		if current:IsA("BasePart") then
+			return current
+		end
+	current = current.Parent
+	end
+	return nil
+end
+
+local function resolveBlockInstance(chunkFolder: Instance, chunkName: string, blockName: string): Instance?
+	local chunkInst = chunkFolder:FindFirstChild(chunkName)
+	if not chunkInst then
+		return nil
+	end
+	return chunkInst:FindFirstChild(blockName)
+end
+
+local function clearSelection(reason: string?)
+	PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
+	PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Parent = nil
+	lastNormalId = nil
+	if reason then
+		lastRaycastFailure = reason
+	end
+end
+
+local function setSelection(target: Instance, parent: Instance)
+	PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Parent = parent
+	PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = target
+end
+
+local function findChunkAndBlock(inst: Instance): (string?, string?)
+	local root = PlacementManager.ChunkFolder
+	if not root then
+		return nil, nil
+	end
+	local current = inst
+	while current and current.Parent do
+		-- case: current parent is the chunk folder root; then current is the chunk itself (no block name yet)
+		if current.Parent == root then
+			return current.Name, inst.Name
+		end
+		-- case: grandparent is chunk folder root; parent is chunk, current is block/model
+		if current.Parent.Parent == root then
+			return current.Parent.Name, current.Name
+		end
+		current = current.Parent
+	end
+	return nil, nil
+end
+
 local Mouse: Mouse = nil
 local lastNormalId: Enum.NormalId? = nil
 local BREAK_ROLLBACK_TIMEOUT = 0.6
 local pendingBreaks = {}
+local lastRaycastFailure: string? = nil
+local function vectorToNormalId(normal: Vector3): Enum.NormalId
+	local ax, ay, az = math.abs(normal.X), math.abs(normal.Y), math.abs(normal.Z)
+	if ax >= ay and ax >= az then
+		return normal.X >= 0 and Enum.NormalId.Right or Enum.NormalId.Left
+	elseif ay >= ax and ay >= az then
+		return normal.Y >= 0 and Enum.NormalId.Top or Enum.NormalId.Bottom
+	else
+		return normal.Z >= 0 and Enum.NormalId.Back or Enum.NormalId.Front
+	end
+end
 
 local function makeChunkKey(cx: number, cy: number, cz: number): string
 	return `{cx},{cy},{cz}`
@@ -150,38 +234,127 @@ local function isWithinReach(cx: number, cy: number, cz: number, x: number, y: n
 	return true
 end
 
+local function ensureChunkFolder(): Instance?
+	if PlacementManager.ChunkFolder and PlacementManager.ChunkFolder.Parent then
+		return PlacementManager.ChunkFolder
+	end
+	local found = workspace:FindFirstChild("$blockscraft_client")
+	if found then
+		PlacementManager.ChunkFolder = found
+		return found
+	end
+	return nil
+end
+
 -- Gets the block and normalid of the block (and surface) the player is looking at
 function PlacementManager:Raycast()
 	if not Mouse then
 		Mouse = game:GetService("Players").LocalPlayer:GetMouse()
 	end
-	local objLookingAt = Mouse.Target
-	local dir = Mouse.TargetSurface or Enum.NormalId.Top
-	if not objLookingAt then
-		PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
-		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
-		lastNormalId = nil
-		return
-	end
-	
-	--if not objLookingAt:IsDescendantOf(ChunkManager.ChunkFolder) then return end
-	local chunkFolder = findChunkFolderFromDescendant(objLookingAt)
+	local chunkFolder = ensureChunkFolder()
 	if not chunkFolder then
-		PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
+		clearSelection("chunk folder missing")
 		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
-		lastNormalId = nil
 		return
 	end
-	if chunkFolder:GetAttribute("ns") == true then
-		PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
-		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
-		lastNormalId = nil
+
+	raycastParams.FilterDescendantsInstances = {chunkFolder}
+	local cam = workspace.CurrentCamera
+	if not cam then
+		lastRaycastFailure = "no camera"
 		return
 	end
-	PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = objLookingAt
+	local ray = Mouse.UnitRay
+	local result = workspace:Raycast(ray.Origin, ray.Direction * MAX_REACH, raycastParams)
+	if not result then
+		clearSelection("raycast miss")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		debugPlacementLog("[PLACE][CLIENT][RAYCAST]", "miss")
+		return
+	end
+
+	local objLookingAt = result.Instance
+	if not objLookingAt then
+		clearSelection("raycast nil instance")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][RAYCAST]", "nil instance in result")
+		return
+	end
+
+	local hitChunkFolder = findChunkFolderFromDescendant(objLookingAt)
+	if not hitChunkFolder then
+		debugPlacementWarn(
+			"[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]",
+			"target not in chunk folder",
+			objLookingAt:GetFullName(),
+			"parent",
+			objLookingAt.Parent and objLookingAt.Parent:GetFullName() or "nil"
+		)
+		clearSelection("target not in chunk folder")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		return
+	end
+	if hitChunkFolder:GetAttribute("ns") == true then
+		debugPlacementWarn(
+			"[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]",
+			"chunk flagged ns",
+			hitChunkFolder:GetFullName()
+		)
+		clearSelection("target chunk marked ns")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		return
+	end
+	PlacementManager.ChunkFolder = chunkFolder
+
+	local blockRoot = findBlockRoot(objLookingAt, chunkFolder) or objLookingAt
+	local chunkName, blockName = findChunkAndBlock(blockRoot)
+	if not chunkName or not blockName then
+		clearSelection("failed to resolve chunk/block")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		return
+	end
+	local okChunk, chunkCoords = pcall(function()
+		return Util.BlockPosStringToCoords(chunkName)
+	end)
+	local okBlock, blockCoords = pcall(function()
+		return Util.BlockPosStringToCoords(blockName)
+	end)
+	if not okChunk or not okBlock then
+		clearSelection("failed to parse chunk/block names")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		return
+	end
+
+	-- hide selection if block no longer exists (air/removed)
+	local chunk = ChunkManager:GetChunk(chunkCoords.X, chunkCoords.Y, chunkCoords.Z)
+	local blockData = chunk and chunk:GetBlockAt(blockCoords.X, blockCoords.Y, blockCoords.Z)
+	if not blockData or blockData == 0 or blockData.id == 0 then
+		clearSelection("block missing/air")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		return
+	end
+	local blockInstance = resolveBlockInstance(chunkFolder, chunkName, blockName) or blockRoot
+	if not blockInstance then
+		clearSelection("missing block instance")
+		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
+		return
+	end
+
+	lastRaycastFailure = nil
+	setSelection(blockInstance, PlacementManager.ChunkFolder)
 	script.RaycastResult.Value = objLookingAt
-	lastNormalId = dir
-	return objLookingAt, dir
+	lastNormalId = vectorToNormalId(result.Normal)
+	debugPlacementLog(
+		"[PLACE][CLIENT][RAYCAST][HIT]",
+		blockInstance:GetFullName(),
+		"chunkFolder",
+		hitChunkFolder:GetFullName(),
+		"blockName",
+		blockInstance.Name,
+		"normal",
+		lastNormalId.Name
+	)
+	return objLookingAt, lastNormalId
 end
 
 function PlacementManager:RaycastGetResult()
@@ -195,18 +368,70 @@ local tickRemote = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage").Tick
 
 -- FIRES REMOTE
 function PlacementManager:PlaceBlock(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId: string)
+	debugPlacementLog("[PLACE][CLIENT][PLACE_CALL]", "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z, "blockId", blockId)
+	if typeof(cx) ~= "number" or typeof(cy) ~= "number" or typeof(cz) ~= "number" then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]", "chunk type", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
+		return
+	end
+	if typeof(x) ~= "number" or typeof(y) ~= "number" or typeof(z) ~= "number" then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]", "block type", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
+		return
+	end
+	if x < 1 or x > 8 or y < 1 or y > 8 or z < 1 or z > 8 then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]", "block bounds", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
+		return
+	end
+	if not isWithinReach(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z) then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]", "reach", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
+		return
+	end
+
 	-- ensure chunk is present/rendered client-side
 	local chunk = ChunkManager:GetChunk(cx, cy, cz)
 	if chunk and not chunk.loaded then
 		ChunkManager:LoadChunk(cx, cy, cz)
 	end
+	if not chunk then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]", "missing chunk", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
+		return
+	end
 
 	-- if the client already thinks this block is the same id, skip sending
 	if chunk then
 		local existing = chunk:GetBlockAt(x, y, z)
 		local existingId = existing and existing.id
 		if existingId and tostring(existingId) == tostring(blockId) then
+			debugPlacementLog(
+				"[PLACE][CLIENT][SKIP]",
+				"duplicate id",
+				"chunk",
+				cx,
+				cy,
+				cz,
+				"block",
+				x,
+				y,
+				z,
+				"existingId",
+				existingId,
+				"blockId",
+				blockId
+			)
 			return
+		else
+			debugPlacementLog(
+				"[PLACE][CLIENT][EXISTING]",
+				"chunk",
+				cx,
+				cy,
+				cz,
+				"block",
+				x,
+				y,
+				z,
+				"existingId",
+				existingId
+			)
 		end
 	end
 
@@ -218,6 +443,7 @@ function PlacementManager:PlaceBlock(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId: string)
 		})
 	end
 
+	debugPlacementLog("[PLACE][CLIENT][SEND]", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
 	placeRemote:FireServer(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
 end
 
@@ -227,12 +453,15 @@ function PlacementManager:BreakBlock(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 		return
 	end
 	if typeof(x) ~= "number" or typeof(y) ~= "number" or typeof(z) ~= "number" then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[BREAK][CLIENT][REJECT]", "block type", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 		return
 	end
 	if x < 1 or x > 8 or y < 1 or y > 8 or z < 1 or z > 8 then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[BREAK][CLIENT][REJECT]", "block bounds", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 		return
 	end
 	if not isWithinReach(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z) then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[BREAK][CLIENT][REJECT]", "reach", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 		return
 	end
 
@@ -241,6 +470,7 @@ function PlacementManager:BreakBlock(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 	local chunkKey = makeChunkKey(cx, cy, cz)
 	local blockKey = makeBlockKey(x, y, z)
 	if getPendingBreak(chunkKey, blockKey) then
+		debugPlacementLog("[BREAK][CLIENT][SKIP]", "pending rollback", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 		return
 	end
 	pendingBreaks[chunkKey] = pendingBreaks[chunkKey] or {}
@@ -252,6 +482,7 @@ function PlacementManager:BreakBlock(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 		chunk:RemoveBlock(x, y, z)
 	end
 	scheduleBreakRollback(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
+	debugPlacementLog("[BREAK][CLIENT][SEND]", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 	breakRemote:FireServer(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 end
 
@@ -283,28 +514,54 @@ local function applyBreakBlockLocal(cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 end
 
 function PlacementManager:GetBlockAtMouse(): nil | {chunk:Vector3, block: Vector3}
+	pcall(function()
+		PlacementManager:Raycast()
+	end)
 	local selectedPart = PlacementManager:RaycastGetResult()
 	--print(selectedPart and selectedPart:GetFullName() or nil)
 	if selectedPart == nil then
 		PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
 		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
 		lastNormalId = nil
+		debugPlacementLog("[PLACE][CLIENT][TARGET]", "no selectedPart after raycast", lastRaycastFailure)
 		return nil
 	end
-	if not selectedPart.Parent then
-		PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
-		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
-		lastNormalId = nil
+	local chunkName, blockName = findChunkAndBlock(selectedPart)
+	if not chunkName or not blockName then
+		debugPlacementWarn(
+			"[PLACE][CLIENT][TARGET]",
+			"failed to find chunk/block from selection",
+			selectedPart:GetFullName()
+		)
 		return nil
 	end
-	if not selectedPart.Parent then
-		PlacementManager.SelectionBox.Adornee = nil
-		script.RaycastResult.Value = nil
-		lastNormalId = nil
+
+	local okChunk, chunkCoords = pcall(function()
+		return Util.BlockPosStringToCoords(chunkName :: string)
+	end)
+	local okBlock, blockCoords = pcall(function()
+		return Util.BlockPosStringToCoords(blockName :: string)
+	end)
+	if not okChunk or not okBlock then
+		debugPlacementWarn(
+			"[PLACE][CLIENT][TARGET]",
+			"failed to parse names",
+			"chunkName",
+			chunkName,
+			"blockName",
+			blockName
+		)
 		return nil
 	end
-	local chunkCoords = Util.BlockPosStringToCoords(selectedPart.Parent.Name)
-	local blockCoords = Util.BlockPosStringToCoords(selectedPart.Name)
+	debugPlacementLog(
+		"[PLACE][CLIENT][TARGET]",
+		"chunk",
+		chunkName,
+		"block",
+		blockName,
+		"normal",
+		(lastNormalId and lastNormalId.Name) or "nil"
+	)
 
 	return {
 		chunk = chunkCoords,
@@ -334,12 +591,33 @@ function PlacementManager:GetPlacementAtMouse(): nil | {chunk:Vector3, block: Ve
 	end
 	local offset = normalIdToOffset(hit.normal)
 	local placeChunk, placeBlock = offsetChunkBlock(hit.chunk, hit.block, offset)
+	debugPlacementLog(
+		"[PLACE][CLIENT][PLACE_TARGET]",
+		"target chunk",
+		hit.chunk,
+		"target block",
+		hit.block,
+		"normal",
+		hit.normal.Name,
+		"place chunk",
+		placeChunk,
+		"place block",
+		placeBlock
+	)
 	return {
 		chunk = placeChunk,
 		block = placeBlock
 	}
 end
 
+function PlacementManager:DebugGetPlacementOrWarn()
+	local placement = PlacementManager:GetPlacementAtMouse()
+	if not placement then
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]", "no placement target under mouse", lastRaycastFailure)
+	end
+	return placement
+end
+
 function PlacementManager:Init()
 	game:GetService("RunService").RenderStepped:Connect(function()
 		local a,b = pcall(function()

src/ReplicatedStorage/Shared/PlacementState.lua

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ function PlacementState:SetSelected(id: string?, name: string?)
 	selectedId = id or ""
 	selectedName = name or selectedId
 	valueObject.Value = selectedName or ""
+	local Util = require(ReplicatedStorage:WaitForChild("Shared"):WaitForChild("Util"))
+	Util.StudioLog("[PLACE][CLIENT][SELECT]", "id", selectedId, "name", selectedName)
 	changed:Fire(selectedId, selectedName)
 end
 

src/ReplicatedStorage/Shared/Util.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,23 @@
+local RunService = game:GetService("RunService")
+local IS_STUDIO = RunService:IsStudio()
+
 local module = {}
 
+-- Prints only when running in Studio (avoids noisy live logs)
+function module.StudioLog(...: any)
+	if not IS_STUDIO then
+		return
+	end
+	print(...)
+end
+
+function module.StudioWarn(...: any)
+	if not IS_STUDIO then
+		return
+	end
+	warn(...)
+end
+
 function module.isNaN(n: number): boolean
 	-- NaN is never equal to itself
 	return n ~= n

src/ServerScriptService/Actor/ServerChunkManager/TerrainGen/init.lua

@@ -3,25 +3,61 @@
 
 local TerrainGen = {}
 
-local deflate = require("./TerrainGen/Deflate")
-
-local DSS = game:GetService("DataStoreService")
-local WORLDNAME = "DEFAULT"
-local WORLDID = "b73bb5a6-297d-4352-b637-daec7e8c8f3e"
-local Store = DSS:GetDataStore("BlockscraftWorldV1", WORLDID)
-
 local ChunkManager = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage"):WaitForChild("Shared").ChunkManager)
 local Chunk = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage"):WaitForChild("Shared").ChunkManager.Chunk)
 
 TerrainGen.ServerChunkCache = {} :: {[typeof("")]: typeof(Chunk.new(0,0,0))}
 
+local function chunkKeyFromCoords(x: number, y: number, z: number): string
+	return `{x},{y},{z}`
+end
+
+function TerrainGen:UnloadAllChunks(): number
+	local count = 0
+	for key in pairs(TerrainGen.ServerChunkCache) do
+		TerrainGen.ServerChunkCache[key] = nil
+		count += 1
+	end
+	return count
+end
+
+local function worldToChunkCoord(v: number): number
+	return math.floor((v + 16) / 32)
+end
+
+function TerrainGen:PreloadNearPlayers(radius: number, yRadius: number?): number
+	local Players = game:GetService("Players")
+	local r = radius or 5
+	local ry = yRadius or 1
+	local loaded = 0
+	for _, player in ipairs(Players:GetPlayers()) do
+		local character = player.Character
+		local root = character and character:FindFirstChild("HumanoidRootPart")
+		if root then
+			local pos = root.Position
+			local cx = worldToChunkCoord(pos.X)
+			local cy = worldToChunkCoord(pos.Y)
+			local cz = worldToChunkCoord(pos.Z)
+			for y = -ry, ry do
+				for x = -r, r do
+					for z = -r, r do
+						TerrainGen:GetChunk(cx + x, cy + y, cz + z)
+						loaded += 1
+					end
+				end
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	return loaded
+end
+
 -- Load a chunk from the DataStore or generate it if not found
 function TerrainGen:GetChunk(x, y, z)
-	local key = `{x},{y},{z}`
+	local key = chunkKeyFromCoords(x, y, z)
 	if TerrainGen.ServerChunkCache[key] then
 		return TerrainGen.ServerChunkCache[key]
 	end
-	
+
 	-- Generate a new chunk if it doesn't exist
 	local chunk = Chunk.new(x, y, z)
 	if y == 1 then
@@ -67,7 +103,6 @@ function TerrainGen:GetFakeChunk(x, y, z)
 	return chunk
 end
 
-
 TerrainGen.CM = ChunkManager
 
 return TerrainGen

src/ServerScriptService/Actor/ServerChunkManager/init.server.lua

@@ -139,12 +139,21 @@ local function isBlockInsidePlayer(blockPos: Vector3): boolean
 end
 
 local DEBUG_PLACEMENT = true
+local function debugPlacementLog(...: any)
+	if DEBUG_PLACEMENT then
+		Util.StudioLog(...)
+	end
+end
+
+local function debugPlacementWarn(...: any)
+	if DEBUG_PLACEMENT then
+		Util.StudioWarn(...)
+	end
+end
 
 placeRemote.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
 	local function reject(reason: string)
-		if DEBUG_PLACEMENT then
-			warn("[PLACE][REJECT]", player.Name, reason, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z, "id", blockId)
-		end
+		debugPlacementWarn("[PLACE][REJECT]", player.Name, reason, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z, "id", blockId)
 		return
 	end
 	
@@ -178,9 +187,7 @@ placeRemote.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
 	if existing and existing.id and existing.id ~= 0 then
 		if existing.id == resolvedId then
 			-- same block already there; treat as success without changes
-			if DEBUG_PLACEMENT then
-				print("[PLACE][OK][NOOP]", player.Name, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z, "id", resolvedId)
-			end
+			debugPlacementLog("[PLACE][OK][NOOP]", player.Name, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z, "id", resolvedId)
 			return
 		end
 		-- allow replacement when different id: remove then place
@@ -192,9 +199,7 @@ placeRemote.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, blockId)
 	}
 	chunk:CreateBlock(x, y, z, data)
 	propogate("B_C", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, data)
-	if DEBUG_PLACEMENT then
-		print("[PLACE][OK]", player.Name, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z, "id", resolvedId)
-	end
+	debugPlacementLog("[PLACE][OK]", player.Name, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z, "id", resolvedId)
 end)
 
 breakRemote.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
@@ -219,10 +224,12 @@ breakRemote.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, cx, cy, cz, x, y, z)
 		task.synchronize()
 		tickRemote:FireClient(player, "C_R", cx, cy, cz, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 		task.desynchronize()
+		debugPlacementLog("[BREAK][NOOP]", player.Name, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z)
 		return
 	end
 	chunk:RemoveBlock(x, y, z)
 	propogate("B_D", cx, cy, cz, x, y, z, 0)
+	debugPlacementLog("[BREAK][OK]", player.Name, "chunk", cx, cy, cz, "block", x, y, z)
 end)
 
 task.desynchronize()

src/ServerScriptService/CmdrCommands/ChunkCullWorld.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+return {
+	Name = "chunkcull",
+	Aliases = {"cullchunks", "resetchunks"},
+	Description = "Unload all server chunk cache instantly, then preload only chunks near players (and force clients to unload/resync).",
+	Group = "Admin",
+	Args = {
+		{
+			Type = "integer",
+			Name = "radius",
+			Description = "Horizontal chunk radius around each player to preload",
+			Optional = true,
+			Default = 5,
+		},
+		{
+			Type = "integer",
+			Name = "yRadius",
+			Description = "Vertical chunk radius around each player to preload",
+			Optional = true,
+			Default = 1,
+		},
+	},
+	Run = function(context, radius, yRadius)
+		local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+		local Players = game:GetService("Players")
+
+		local terrainGen = require(
+			game:GetService("ServerScriptService")
+				:WaitForChild("Actor")
+				:WaitForChild("ServerChunkManager")
+				:WaitForChild("TerrainGen")
+		)
+
+		local tickRemote = ReplicatedStorage:WaitForChild("Tick")
+
+		local r = radius or 5
+		local ry = yRadius or 1
+
+		local unloaded = 0
+		pcall(function()
+			unloaded = terrainGen:UnloadAllChunks()
+		end)
+
+		-- Tell all clients to immediately drop their local chunk instances
+		pcall(function()
+			tickRemote:FireAllClients("U_ALL", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+		end)
+
+		-- Preload server chunks around players (reduces initial lag spikes after cull)
+		local preloaded = 0
+		pcall(function()
+			preloaded = terrainGen:PreloadNearPlayers(r, ry)
+		end)
+
+		-- Force clients to resync around themselves
+		local resyncCount = 0
+		for _, player in ipairs(Players:GetPlayers()) do
+			local character = player.Character
+			local root = character and character:FindFirstChild("HumanoidRootPart")
+			if root then
+				local pos = root.Position
+				local cx = math.floor((pos.X + 16) / 32)
+				local cy = math.floor((pos.Y + 16) / 32)
+				local cz = math.floor((pos.Z + 16) / 32)
+				for y = -ry, ry do
+					for x = -r, r do
+						for z = -r, r do
+							tickRemote:FireClient(player, "C_R", cx + x, cy + y, cz + z, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+							resyncCount += 1
+						end
+					end
+				end
+			end
+		end
+
+		return (
+			"chunkcull done | unloaded=%d | preloaded=%d | resyncPackets=%d | radius=%d yRadius=%d"
+		):format(unloaded, preloaded, resyncCount, r, ry)
+	end,
+}

src/StarterGui/Hotbar/LocalScript.client.lua

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ local Roact = require(ReplicatedStorage.Packages.roact)
 local PM = require(ReplicatedStorage.Shared.PlacementManager)
 local BlockManager = require(ReplicatedStorage.Shared.ChunkManager.BlockManager)
 local PlacementState = require(ReplicatedStorage.Shared.PlacementState)
+local Util = require(ReplicatedStorage.Shared.Util)
 
 local blocksFolder = ReplicatedStorage:WaitForChild("Blocks")
 
@@ -56,9 +57,12 @@ local function buildHotbarIds(): {string}
 	for _, block in ipairs(blocksFolder:GetChildren()) do
 		local id = block:GetAttribute("n")
 		if id ~= nil then
-			local idStr = tostring(id)
-			table.insert(ids, idStr)
-			names[idStr] = block:GetAttribute("displayName") or block:GetAttribute("dn") or block.Name
+			local n = tonumber(id)
+			if n and n > 0 then
+				local idStr = tostring(n)
+				table.insert(ids, idStr)
+				names[idStr] = block:GetAttribute("displayName") or block:GetAttribute("dn") or block.Name
+			end
 		end
 	end
 	table.sort(ids, function(a, b)
@@ -133,6 +137,11 @@ function Hotbar:init()
 	local slots, names = buildHotbarIds()
 	self.state.slots = slots
 	self.state.names = names
+	local initialId = slots and slots[1] or ""
+	if initialId and initialId ~= "" then
+		local initialName = names and (names[initialId] or initialId) or initialId
+		PlacementState:SetSelected(initialId, initialName)
+	end
 
 	self._updateSlots = function()
 		local nextSlots, nextNames = buildHotbarIds()
@@ -154,21 +163,30 @@ function Hotbar:init()
 		if id ~= "" and self.state.names then
 			name = self.state.names[id] or id
 		end
+		Util.StudioLog("[PLACE][CLIENT][SELECT]", "slot", slot, "id", id, "name", name)
 		PlacementState:SetSelected(id, name)
 	end
 
 	self._handleInput = function(input: InputObject, gameProcessedEvent: boolean)
-		if gameProcessedEvent or isTextInputFocused() then
+		if isTextInputFocused() then
 			return
 		end
 
 		local slot = keyToSlot[input.KeyCode]
 		if slot then
+			if gameProcessedEvent then
+				return
+			end
 			self._setSelected(slot)
 			return
 		end
 
 		if input.UserInputType == Enum.UserInputType.MouseButton1 then
+			Util.StudioLog("[INPUT][CLIENT]", "MouseButton1", "processed", gameProcessedEvent)
+			-- Allow click even if gameProcessedEvent (UI can set this), but only if we're actually pointing at a block
+			if not PM:GetBlockAtMouse() then
+				return
+			end
 			local mouseBlock = PM:GetBlockAtMouse()
 			if not mouseBlock then
 				return
@@ -182,14 +200,26 @@ function Hotbar:init()
 				mouseBlock.block.Z
 			)
 		elseif input.UserInputType == Enum.UserInputType.MouseButton2 then
-			local mouseBlock = PM:GetPlacementAtMouse()
+			Util.StudioLog("[INPUT][CLIENT]", "MouseButton2", "processed", gameProcessedEvent)
+			-- Allow click even if gameProcessedEvent (UI can set this), but only if we're actually pointing at a block
+			local mouseBlock = PM:DebugGetPlacementOrWarn()
 			if not mouseBlock then
 				return
 			end
 			local id = PlacementState:GetSelected()
 			if not id or id == "" then
+				Util.StudioWarn("[PLACE][CLIENT][REJECT]", "no selected id")
 				return
 			end
+			Util.StudioLog(
+				"[PLACE][CLIENT][SEND][CLICK]",
+				"chunk",
+				mouseBlock.chunk,
+				"block",
+				mouseBlock.block,
+				"id",
+				id
+			)
 			PM:PlaceBlock(
 				mouseBlock.chunk.X,
 				mouseBlock.chunk.Y,